Squirrel Facts & Information

Squirrel

Scientific Name

Sciuridae

Size

8-20" long (including tail)

Color

Gray, brown, red, or black

Diet

Omnivorous

What do squirrels look like?

Squirrels are small to medium-sized rodents with slender bodies, bushy tails, and large eyes. They have strong hind legs for jumping and climbing, and their front paws are dexterous with sharp claws. Their fur can vary in color from gray to brown, red, or black, often with lighter underbellies. Squirrels have excellent vision and hearing, and their bushy tails help them maintain balance while climbing and jumping between trees.

Common Types of Squirrels

Eastern Gray Squirrel

Sciurus carolinensis

The most common squirrel in urban areas, known for its gray fur and bushy tail. They are excellent climbers and can adapt well to human environments.

Red Squirrel

Sciurus vulgaris

Smaller than gray squirrels with reddish-brown fur and distinctive ear tufts. They are more territorial and prefer forested areas.

Fox Squirrel

Sciurus niger

The largest tree squirrel in North America, with a distinctive rusty-orange belly. They prefer open woodlands and are less common in urban areas.

Flying Squirrel

Glaucomys spp.

Nocturnal squirrels with a membrane between their limbs that allows them to glide between trees. They are smaller than other squirrels and have large eyes.

Squirrel Behavior and Habitat

Squirrels are highly adaptable creatures that can live in various environments, from dense forests to urban parks and residential areas. They are diurnal (active during the day) and spend much of their time foraging for food. Squirrels are known for their habit of burying nuts and seeds for later consumption, which helps with forest regeneration. They build nests called "dreys" in trees or may take up residence in attics and other structures when seeking shelter.

While squirrels are generally harmless, they can become pests when they enter homes or damage property. They may chew on electrical wires, insulation, and wood structures, and their nesting materials can create fire hazards. Squirrels are also known to raid bird feeders and gardens, and their constant gnawing can cause significant damage to trees and buildings.

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